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This investigative study delves into the linguistic intricacies of Khowar, a Dardic language within the Indo-Aryan family, predominantly spoken in Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), and various regions in Gilgit Baltistan (GB). The language exhibits distinctive features in grammar, morphology, topology, and conversational style, with a notable emphasis on expressions of love and affection. The study sheds light on the linguistic nuances associated with addressing individuals based on their relationships, ages, and societal statuses, exemplifying the unique lexicon utilized in Khowar.
The paper identifies 26 words and terms designated for children, daughters, sons, and lovers, each reflecting a nuanced expression of affection. This lexical richness extends to addressing mothers, fathers, and other esteemed family members and social figures. These expressions are akin to adjectives, pre-fixed or attached to names or relationships, illustrating profound levels of love, respect, and personal attachment. It presents a glossary featuring 50 words and phrases, showcasing the diversity of linguistic expressions for conveying love and affection in Khowar. The list encompasses terms such as "SHIRIN" (Sweet) for various familial relations, "BULBUL" (Nightingale) for children, and "XANO YAR" (Companion of the soul) for beloved individuals. This comprehensive compilation serves as a glimpse into the myriad ways Khowar speakers articulate affection.
Additionally, the paper briefly examines the incorporation of these love-centric words and phrases in Khowar folklore, specifically in the realm of poetry. Selected excerpts from folk songs and verses by anonymous poets and notable figures like Khuda Rahmat provide insights into how these linguistic elements are skilfully employed to convey emotional nuances. The study hints at the rich tapestry of love-related vocabulary present in Khowar folklore, suggesting avenues for further exploration and analysis in both classical and modern Khowar poetry.
Exploring the folk literature of Khowar promises an intriguing investigation into how poets have incorporated the aforementioned words and phrases into their enchanting love songs. One such instance is found in a line from an anonymous poet's folk song:
AWA NADANI ARETAM, MA DINAR TAKLO SORA FAN DERU BERAI
"Amidst the dance of folly, I misconstrued her pledge; my Dinar (love) betrayed me with words hollow."
Khuda Rahmat, a maestro of the 20th century, paints a picturesque scene of his beloved's trail:
RAHEN BOGHAWA RAHO BAND ARER MA SHAHIN GHECHI TA CHEER GOLO VORI
"Oh my eagle-eyed, when I traversed thy pathway, the aroma of your resplendent neck did enrapture the path.”
A song associated to the Cheq Mitar in Yasin extols a cherished one as "MA XAN":
PIYALO MI DANGERIK MA XANO SUM KIA SHARIK
“How can the denizens of Piyal compare to the grace of my beloved, who is akin to my very soul!"
Yet another Khowar refrain echoes:
GHAM SAILOTE GOYAN KAUSH DUZOT ROR MA DINARO KOUSHAN SHOW SUI ANZER
"The hour of my Anguish’s (Love's) stroll approaches. Let it be known to the cobbler to hasten the crafting of shoes for my Cherished Treasure."
Here, the poet employs the terms "GHAM" (anguish) and "DINAR," (cherished treasure) for his beloved.
In summary, a concise exploration of Khowar folk tales and songs illuminates the vast repertoire of love words within the language. A comprehensive technical report on this subject would undoubtedly unveil numerous facets showcasing the profound significance of love in both classical and modern Khowar poetry.